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About Athletics

Athletics, or what is also known as track and field races, is a diverse group of games that include different forms of competition; Competitions such as running, walking, jumping, and throwing, and the word athletics in English originates from the Greek word (usain) Which means racing, and athletics is referred to in many languages; Such as German and Russian light athletics, in order to distinguish them from some other sports; Like wrestling, weightlifting, and others.

Athletics is one of the sports that has been contested since the establishment of the first Olympic Games in 1896 AD, although this type of competitive sport is closely related to the Olympic Games; However, its competitions are conducted on different levels and levels. As youth groups, groups of university and school students, and other groups throughout the year and in various parts of the world, the International Athletics Federation is considered ; IAAF is the international body responsible for regulating and setting the rules for global athletics competition.

History of athletics

Athletics appeared as long ago as the pre-Christian era; The ancient Egyptian and Asian civilizations encouraged this type of games, while many athletics competitions were organized in Ireland in 1829 BC and athletics were also practiced during the ancient Olympic Games dating back to the eighth or ninth century BC; At that time, it was limited to running competitions of different types and distances , and some types of athletics, such as running and other types , remained part of the sporting activities practiced by many successive civilizations.(allyson felix)

The nineteenth century AD witnessed a wide spread of athletics, especially in Europe and the United States of America, and the practice of these games became part of the curricula of those countries, and the year 1896 AD witnessed a unique paradigm shift for the practice of athletics. And that by making its activities part of the competitions of the first modern Olympic Games, and the competitions of that session that were held in the Greek city of Athens included running competitions for different distances, in addition to the various types of jumping competitions, as well as javelin throwing and discus throwing.

Interest in athletics began to increase dramatically all over the world after the holding of the first Olympic Games; Athletics was a major part of its competitions, and following the increase in this popularity seventeen National Athletics Federations from different countries met to announce the formation of the International Athletics Federation (IAAF); And that in 1912 AD, and this federation was responsible for athletics competitions for men only. However, in the year 1936 AD, the IAAF became responsible for athletics for both groups of men and women. Until the year 2015 AD, the number of participants reached The IAAF has 214 different federations, with a principal administration from the IAAF under the local sponsorship of the National Athletics Federations of each country.

(world athletics)

Sports athletics

Athletics includes different types of major sports that are included under it, namely: running, walking, jumping , and throwing, and under each of these sports there are different competitive events as follows:

(ipc athletics)

Running: The running competitions include different types of competitions, as follows:

Rapid Streaming ; Which includes distances of 100 meters, 200 meters and 400 meters.

Medium distance running; Which includes a distance of 800 and 1,500 meters.

Long distance running ; Which includes different distances, including 3,000, 5,000 and 10,000 meters.

Streaming sequentially ; Which includes two races (4 x 100 meters) and (4 x 200 meters).

Running with hurdles.

Jumping: Jumping races include long jump, high jump, triple jump and pole vault.
Shooting: racing shooting include both discus , and throw the shot put , and javelin throw , and hammer throw .
Walking: Walking races include both hiking and marathon events.

galen rupp

There are two other types of Olympic sports, known as Decathlon and Heptathlon, which are types in which contestants compete for some of the athletics sports mentioned above; The decathlon is a competitive event for men that involves the player conducting ten competitions within two days, namely: four running competitions , three other jumping competitions, and three throwing competitions, while the seventh competition is for women in which the player competes in seven types of athletics, namely: Three running competitions, two jumping competitions, and two throwing competitions, lasting over a period of two days.ed moses

Athletics competition rules

Each type of athletics sport has its own laws and rules that competitors must adhere to while competing against each other, and the way in which each competitor can win differs in these different types; In walking and running sports, the player who can travel the specified distance as quickly as possible is considered the winner of the competition, while in the jumping competition the person who can jump the longest or the farthest possible distance wins .

Players are crowned in throwing competitions when they are able to throw a competition tool, such as the disc, for example, as far away as possible, while the decathlon and seventh competitions are subject to the player's collection of the largest number of points after participating in different types of competitions, so that the player who is able to collect the largest number of points is The winner of the competition, the winner of the athletics events is awarded a gold medal, while the silver and bronze medals are awarded to the runners-up and third-place, respectively.

Athletics tournaments

The Olympic Games is the main and most important tournament in athletics worldwide. Since until the seventies of the last century, the Olympic Games were the only tournament in which an athlete was expected to come once every four years to participate in it; However, the International Athletics Federation today organizes a wide range of tournaments for various athletics sports or even one type of them, which are eight major world championships, in addition to a group of tournaments that are organized at the continental level, in addition to thousands of local and national championships for each Country by country, the following shows the eight major tournaments organized by the IAAF: