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Sunburn

Excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays of the sun causes skin damage ranging from light to severe, and this condition is known as sunburn, and often results in a first-degree burn ; Where the signs of redness and pain appear on the outer layer of the skin only, while the burn is considered a second-degree burn if bubbles and sores appear, in addition to redness and severe pain, and this makes it need a longer time for treatment, and in severe cases it may appear Other symptoms such as fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and general weakness. It is worth noting that sunburn increases the risk of skin cancer .

Factors affecting sunburn

There are a number of factors that increase the chance of sunburn, including the following:

The nature of the skin: fair- skinned people are more likely than others to sunburn.
Age: People under six years of age and over sixty years of age suffer from being affected by the sun's rays more than others.
Time of day: It is known that the time when the sun’s rays is at its peak is from ten in the morning until four in the afternoon, and the chance of sunburn is during sunny and cloudy days alike; This is because of the ability of ultraviolet rays to penetrate clouds.
Proximity to reflective surfaces: Where these surfaces have the ability to reflect the rays of the sun, examples of these surfaces are water, snow , and white sand.
The season of the year: the chance of getting sunburn increases in the summer; This is due to the position of the sun in the sky during this period.
The proximity to the equator: the amount of sun penetrating the atmosphere increases as we get closer to the equator .

Home remedies for sunburn

Here are a set of home tips to reduce the discomfort of a sunburn:

Cold water compresses: Put compresses of cold water on the affected part in order to cool off.
Pain Relief A cold water bath with apple cider vinegar: it is possible to make a bath of cold water in the bathtub with the addition of a cup of apple cider vinegar .
This is to neutralize the pH and speed up healing, and chamomile oil (Chamomile oil) or lavender oil can also be added to reduce pain.
Cold water bath with baking soda: where a cold water bath is made in the bathtub with the addition of a little baking soda , and left for a period ranging between 15-20 minutes, and you can add a cup of oatmeal To help restore the body's natural hydration.
Avoid opening the bubbles : and if they do open, they must be cleaned gently and carefully, then apply an ointment containing an antibiotic, and then cover them with gauze until healing.
Avoid creams ending with caine : it is advised to avoid medicinal products ending with caine. Like creams containing the combination of benzocaine , it is likely to cause irritation and irritation of the skin, and it can reduce the amount of oxygen reaching the cells through the blood.
Staying in the shade: It is advised to stay indoors and avoid exposure to the sun's rays until the sunburn is treated.
Avoid using soap and perfumes: It is advised to avoid using soap and perfumes during the bath to avoid drying out of the skin burned by the sun.
Drinking fluids: A sunburned person should drink various fluids such as water, juices, and sports fluids. This is to replace fluids and moisturize the dry body, thus helping it heal and heal.
Use of hydrocortisone: a cream containing 1% hydrocortisone can be used . To reduce pain, swelling and itchy skin.
Applying milk or milk: Applying cold milk to the affected area after dipping it with a cloth helps to relieve the discomfort and discomfort caused by sunburn, by making a protein layer on the skin, and applying milk helps to calm and soothe the affected area.
Vitamin E : known as vitamin E as an antioxidant , also reduces the inflammation caused by sunburn when it is taken orally, in addition to the possibility of putting it on the skin peeling directly.
Black tea : Freshly infused black tea contains tannic acid, which would draw heat from the skin and equalize the pH of the skin, and mint may also be added to give coolness to the skin .
Teabags: Tea bags soaked in cold water can be applied to sunburned eyelids. This is to reduce inflammation and calm the area.
Cucumber : The paste made from cooled cucumbers can be used on the sunburned area, including the face . This is because cucumber is an anti-oxidant, and because of its ability to relieve pain and reduce skin peeling.
Potatoes: After cooling, boiled and mashed potatoes can be placed on sunburned areas to draw heat and reduce pain.
Cornstarch : soothes and relieves pain when applied to the affected area after mixing it with water.
Hamamelis plant : Hamamelis can soothe burns and reduce inflammation.
Keeping the house temperature low: It is recommended that the house be kept cool, whether using the air conditioner or fans. And for cooling the burns.
Coconut oil : Coconut oil is used as a moisturizer for the skin as a secondary stage after using the primary sedation for burning.
Aloe vera : You can use the gelatinous juice resulting from cutting a portion of the succulent plant by placing it directly on the area affected by sunburn. Where it relieves and soothes the feeling of stinging and existing pain, and you can use the gel consisting of 100% aloe vera and available in pharmacies.
Chamomile tea : Use a cloth or towel moistened with pre-soaked and cooled chamomile tea directly on the site of the burn to soothe it.
Wearing loose-fitting clothing: Avoid tight clothes that come in contact with skin, and wear loose-fitting, loose-fitting clothing made of natural fibers such as cotton. So that it gives the skin a chance to breathe and recover from sunburn.
Use of moisturizers: It is recommended to use moisturizers for sensitive skin. That is, free of odors and dyes constantly on the area affected by sunburn, in order to reduce the chance of skin peeling .

Prevention of sunburn

The following measures are recommended to prevent sunburn:

Avoid exposure to strong sunlight between the hours of ten in the morning and four in the afternoon.
Wear appropriate clothing when going outdoors to protect from the sun; So that you cover the entire body with a wide-brimmed hat.
Use sunscreens in sufficient quantities on the parts of the body that are directly exposed to the sun, fifteen to thirty minutes before leaving the house, and reapply it every two hours or less in case of swimming or sweating.
Wear sunglasses to protect the eyes from the sun's ultraviolet rays.
Pay attention to medications that increase the body's sensitivity to the sun; Examples include some types of antibiotics , antihistamines, some antidepressants , and some cholesterol- lowering drugs .
Avoid tanning and tanning products.