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Globalisation

The globalization a new term for an old phenomenon, led to make the world a small electronic village interrelate parts via satellite and satellite communications and television channels, have been reported for scholars of history that globalization is not a new phenomenon , but an old back in its origin and its beginnings to the end of the sixteenth century, As it appeared with the beginning of the Western colonialism of Asia, Europe and the Americas, then it was associated with the development of the modern trading system in Europe, which led to the emergence of a complex global system that was characterized by globalism and then called globalization, and researchers have seen that globalization is based on four basic processes, which is the great competition between the powers Greater globalization, the spread of globalization of production and exchange of goods, innovation and technological innovation, and continuous modernization.

Definition of globalization

Globalization is a language

Known as globalization language as the source of the verb globalized, the free movement of information, capital flows, and different ideas, technology, products and goods, and represent humans also transition between different human societies, where it leads to making the world more like a small village, has been Analyzing the term globalization linguistically to mean generalizing something and expanding its circle to acquire the universal character, and the term globalization is a translation word for the English term (globalization), as some translated it by globalization, as some translated it into universalism. Globalization is the most famous among them, as it became famous among researchers and became the most popular among economists, politicians, and media professionals.

Globalization is a idiom

The term globalization refers to the process of transforming all phenomena, whether local or regional, into global phenomena, as well as through which interconnected ness is strengthened between peoples in various parts of the world, with the aim of uniting their efforts and leading them towards the better and at all economic, social, political, cultural and technological levels.

Opinions multiplied and views differed about the definition of globalization due to the ambiguity of its concept. Politicians have their own definition, and socialists have their own definition as well and so on, until all the definitions were divided into three main types: an economic phenomenon, a technological and social revolution, but it is The concept of globalization is often used to refer to the globalization of the economy, which is intended to bring together the national economy and transform it into a global economy, through various fields such as trade, capital flows, migrations of individuals, foreign investment, and the use of technology in abundance, and the multiple definitions of globalization are due to the influence of biases Ideological researchers and their attitudes to reject or accept globalization.

The International Monetary Fund has defined globalization as the growing economic cooperation of all countries of the world, which is documented by the increase in the volume and diversity of the exchange of goods and services across borders, in addition to the increase in the flow of capital between countries, and the spread of technology in various parts of the world. As for Websters, it is known. Globalization means giving things a global character and making its scope a global character as well, and it can be said in general that globalization is a global system based on the electronic mind and the information revolution, which in turn is based on unlimited technical creativity, without taking any regard for the systems, values, cultures, and geographical and political borders in the world.

Areas of globalization

Economic globalization

According to the International Fund, economic globalization is defined as the economic cooperation of all countries of the world caused by the increase in the volume of dealing in various goods and services across borders, in addition to international capital and the rapid spread of technology around the world, and economic globalization is clearly evident in the exchange of national economies by countries. It appears in the unity of the financial markets and in commercial exchanges, while its prominent appearance is in the establishment of the International Trade Organization.

Political Globalization

This globalization appears greatly in the hegemony imposed by the powerful countries of the world over the developing and weak countries, through their influence on and penetration of their economy, which pushes the developing countries to submit to what satisfies the strong countries and serves their interests, and this is done without reference to public opinion in the developing countries, This leads to major upheavals and instability.

Cultural Globalization

It is a comprehensive formulation that covers most aspects of human activity, and cultural globalization derives its peculiarity from the development of ideas, values and behavior, such as the openness of world cultures and their influence on each other. History, as it can be said that cultural globalization means that the human interest moves from the local sphere to the global sphere, and his departure from the inner environment to the external environment, in addition to increasing awareness of the unity of human beings, as cultural globalization implies the control of strong cultures and the spread of their values and dominance over weak cultures.

Media globalization

Globalization in the media means the prevalence of strong and effective state values and concepts through the mass media. Media globalization has ancient roots associated with global news coverage, and it began in the mid-nineteenth century when Charles Hafs established the news library in France in 1832, which became called the Haves Agency,Since that time, the media has become a major and effective role in society in all fields, and if the individual looks at the time required for news to arrive from one place to another compared to the present time, then he will realize the role of the media in the current era of globalization.

Pros of globalization

Globalization has many advantages, including:

Globalization requires individuals to strive for excellence, mastery, and the elevation of their ambitions to higher levels.
Globalization promotes boldness in telling the truth, as well as honesty and clarity in dealing with oneself and others around him.
Globalization aims at a person’s aspiration towards perfection and his readiness to accept change of any kind.
Globalization seeks to distance and shape the minds of individuals towards future thought, away from traditional thought.
Globalization requires conscious dealing with the global reality in all its aspects.
Globalization helps developing countries get rid of their low-value products, by knowing the competitive advantage of commodities in every country in the world, which gives them opportunities for integration in the market.
Globalization leads to the development of regional cooperation between neighboring countries through the flow of capital, the influx of labor, and the organization of collective trips aimed at converging in commercial dealings between countries.
Globalization helps solve many humanitarian problems, which cannot be solved through national sovereignty, including the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, environmental pollution problems, revolutionary threats, and other problems that all countries of the world must participate in eliminating.
Globalization helps the emergence of a spirit of competition among those with competencies, and helps them succeed in their working lives because they possess the skills that others do not possess.
Globalization is a means to accelerate global democratic development, in addition to being a means to weaken global authoritarian regimes.
Globalization opens up endless new knowledge horizons for individuals. Because it is closely related to the scientific and informational revolution.

Downsides of globalization

As globalization has its advantages, it has many drawbacks as well. Among the disadvantages of globalization are the following:

Globalization leads to the marginalization and crushing of personal and national identity, and it seeks to form a personality and identity with a global character.
Globalization contributes to transforming the national identity into a weak and fragile entity, especially in the absence of the ability to develop or adapt to the current of globalization.
Globalization crushes national benefits, especially when these interests and benefits conflict with their interests.
Globalization imposes foreign tutelage, by considering foreign countries more advanced and influential, which has led to insulting everything that is local, and that has led to the pursuit of everything that is local until it surrenders to the current of globalization.
Globalization has contributed to the crushing of national culture and civilization, and has also created a state of alienation between individuals and their national history and cultural and civilizational legacies that trace their origins back to their parents and grandparents.
Globalization has helped powerful entities gain control of local markets, and it has helped them extend their influence over local entities and transform them into subsidiary institutions.
Globalization has created decision-making countries from developed countries, distributing roles to developing countries in the name of advanced economy and technology.

The risks of globalization

Constitute globalization significant risks to the daily lives of individuals , whether on the religious side, or cultural or social, or other aspects of life, the following are some of the risks of globalization:

The economic aspect

Of the risks of globalization in the following economic aspect:

Concentration of money in the hands of a few people, or a few countries, as nearly 20% of the countries in the world control 85% of the global gross product and 84% of global trade, and the residents of these countries control about 85% of the global savings Aggregate.
The American control represented by hegemony over the world economies, so that many countries have become subject to the mercy of the International Monetary Fund, requesting aid from it, and subject to unfair loan conditions, in addition to the control of large American companies over the countries ’economies.
Investing Arab capital in the West and controlling it according to the Western system.
High food prices in Islamic countries; This is due to the abolition of the financial support provided on these foods, in addition to monopoly , and unlawful and equal competition between large and small countries, in addition to the presence of difficult conditions placed on quality by international trade and industrial agreements.
The emergence of what is known as dumping of goods, through the introduction of imported goods in the markets whose prices are much lower than those of their counterparts in the local markets, or their price is significantly lower than the price of their counterparts in the countries producing them.
Big corporations dominate the global economy.
Work to weaken the strength of the financial wealth resources in the Arab countries, which are represented in oil, as the importance of oil was weakened when it was removed from the list of goods subject to freedom of international trade, as taxes and customs restrictions imposed on it by consuming countries were reduced, and there are many countries, including the United States.
America, which still refuses to consider oil and petrochemical derivatives as commodities, should be freed from customs restrictions and high taxes imposed by consuming countries, and thus these countries reap huge profits.

The religious side

The risks of globalization on the religious side are as follows:

Questioning religious beliefs, and working to erase the sanctities in the minds of Muslims so that this is in the interest of Western materialistic thought, or making material philosophy replace the Islamic belief, and weakening the feeling of the strength of Islam and loyalty to it.
The removal of Islam from governance and legislation, and granting Western systems and laws the opportunity to dominate matters of legislation and morals.
The emergence of associations supported by Western parties, which aim to fight Islamic culture to obscure its identity, in addition to its work to raise suspicions about various Islamic legislation; As governments are required to enact laws related to human rights, in accordance with United Nations charters, away from Islamic law and its provisions.
Work to spread atheism and disbelief, as many peoples have no religion or belief in any divine belief. Transforming many religious occasions into occasions of a consumer nature, such as transforming the month of Ramadan from its primary goal, which is worship, fasting, and reading the Qur’an, into a purely consumer occasion.

The political side

On the political side, the risks of globalization are as follows:

Globalization is not satisfied with the side of Arab and Islamic fragmentation, but rather its quest for internal fragmentation in Arab or Islamic countries, in order to keep people busy with themselves and to forget the bigger issues that make them one Arab nation.
Imposing Western political hegemony over the various ruling regimes and their peoples, and this is evident in controlling political decisions and transforming them in favor of the American powers and Zionism that controls American policy.
Opening the borders to media networks and multinational companies, in addition to working to remove the various barriers that stand in the way of capitalist culture and intellectual conquest, whose goal is clear in tearing apart the unity of the nation, and stirring up strife and wars within the borders of one state.

Social side

The risks of globalization appear on the social side as follows:

Isolating Muslims from Islamic issues and weakening them, in addition to working to question them about their religious convictions.
Spreading the culture of violence, and sexual culture that would create weak generations, spreading vice in society, in addition to wasting young people's time on trivial matters. Spreading the consumer culture that leads to unleashing desires, in addition to its ability to distort Islamic customs and traditions.
The spread of goods bearing a culture that obliterates other cultures, especially Islamic culture.
Work to free the person from morals and religion, and to bring him to the stage of becoming captive to all that is offered to him by various major companies, which exploit him and exploit his energies and make him promote their products.
Neglecting social relations, emotions and solidarity, spreading scarcity and miserliness, and encouraging opportunism and fundamentalism.
One's rebellion against the legal systems and regulations governing the relationship between men and women, which led to the spread of vices.
The use of globalization means in the field of communication and media; To provoke desires, spread the worship of the body, spread perversion, and abandon all high Islamic and moral values.